Textile material and its preparation



s PATENTMQFFICE if 2.067.947 a I TEXTILE MATERIAL AND ITS I PREPARATIONIierbert Platt, Cumberland, Md assignor to Cela- 1 nese Corporation ofDelaware 'No Drawing.

- -'16 Claims.

This invention relates to-the treatment of yarns and .filainents oforganic derivatives of cellulose for the purpose of rendering them morereadily delusterable wherein the treating material acts also asalubricant;

An object of the invention is the economic and expeditious production ofdelustered textile ma terialsp, Other objectsof the invention willappear from the following-detailed description.

In the processing of substantially continuous filaments of organicderivatives of cellulose into overcome or greatly reduced and yarns,threads and fabric, in various textile operations, such for example astwisting, doubling,

hanking, rewinding, warping, weaving; knitting,

netting and so forth, as also in the winding of the filaments in themanufacture of the filaments themselves, .diiliculties are liable toarise owing tohairing orflufilng of the yarns, etc., consequen t' onbreakage of individual filaments, or to electrifleation of the yarns intravel'or working or to tension and binding action caused in passingthrough guides, needles, etc. These occurrences may cause asubstantialamount of waste, or hamper efliclent working and detrimentally affectthe quality of the"'goods produced.

{have found that these drawbacks can be other beneficial 1 propertiesimparted to the ya etc., by applyinga special mixture comprisl g alubricant and a phenolic body to the same during one of the -windingoperations, which mixture acts as a I lubricant and a delustergpromotingagent.

a The dressing or coating applied to the yarns, I threads, etc.,lubricates them and prevents or reduces the tendency to hairlng orfiufling or electrification in :the manufacturing of the threads and insubsequent textile operations.

In the lubricating dressing is a deluster prom gting agent that is heldby the lubricant proper in contact with the yarn throughoutthe'processing operation. Thus, yarn lubricated in this manner delustersvery rapidly, evenly and ''completely when treated with scouring,dyeing. or wet team or other hot aqueous baths. The treated material ismore rapidly wet out than material treated with known lubricants.

Thedeluster promoting agent contained in the lubricating dressing actsnot only to speedily wet out and deluster the material to which it isapplied but alsd, acts as an aid or preservative for the lubricatingingredient of the dressing. Thus,

the dressing on the treated yarn is stable and long delays may be madebetween processing steps without necessitating the relubrication of thematerial. The tendency of the lubricant to Application January 23, 4 ySerial No. 708,014

.' other yarn.

America, a corporation of become oxidized or otherwise to deteriorate isgreatly reduced. g

Yarns and threads treated according to this invention are satisfactorilylubricated, so that they maybe knitted into hose, or other circular 5knit fabrics or woven into fine iabrics free of "defects. Materials madefrom yarns or threads treated according to this invention when treatedwith hotv aqueous media deluster more quickly and slightly heavier thanyarns merely treated 10 with an oil. The yarnstreated according to thisinvention also dye slightly heavier in shade than yarns treated byformer methods. The lubricating dressing aids in wetting out thematerials. Thus hose or other fabrics made 15 from the treated yarn maybedyed without prewetting out or treatment by a boil-01f, and upondelustering, dyeing orother finishing treatmentsdevelop less creasesthan fabrics formed from According to this inventionl apply a comprisinga lubricant such as a vegetable, animal or mineral oil and a phenolicbody, to the threads, yarnsetc., whether in the course of production atthe spinning cabinet orsubse- 25 iquently in preparation for orduringany mechanical or hand textile operation.

The lubricating dressing may especiallybe applied to the yarns ofassociated filaments in the course of their production, the wet or drymethod of spinning, or it may be applied subsequently before or duringany textile operations in which they are employed, especially ,thoseoperationsinvolving a winding operation:

By applying the dressing in the course of pro- .35 duction of thefilaments, this application'may suffice for the subsequent textileoperations. If desired, however, a lubricating dressing as described mayher/applied both during the production of the yarns and later at anyrequired tex- 40 tile operation. I

.The lubricating agent of the dressing is pref erably olive oil, teaseedoil, castor oil orcotton seed oil. However, other lubricants may be usedor mixed therewith such as petroleum jelly, animal fats and wax,glycolsand polyhydric alcohols and similarlubricants. The vegetable oilslend :themselyes exceptionally well as a lubricant for organicderivatives of cellulose and these mixed. with the phenolic body aremade more stable and maintain their high lubricating pro erties for along period of time. I

The phenolic body preferably used to form the dressing'is preferablycresylic acid (cresol) Cresylic acid may be used without danger toinjuring 20 lubricant whetherfformed by 5 I is used as the scouringbathto remove the dress-.

ing. Although cresylic acid has the most advantageous properties as aconstituent of the lubricating dressing other'members of the phenolicfamily may be used such as phenols, xylenols, resorcinols, etc.

The particular nature of the dressing and the manner of applying it mayvary considerably accordingto the particular textile operation in viewof other circumstances. In 200 parts of the dressing there may be-usedfrom less than one to 50 parts and above of cresylic acid and from 199to 150 parts a lubricating oil. There may be applied to the yarn anydesired amount of dressing limited however by the consistency of thedressing. A dressing of mixtures of olive oil and cresylic acid may beapplied in amounts of from, 1 to 4% the weight of the yarn, which amountis found sufilcient for all.ordinary textile operations.

' In applying the dressing to the yarns in course of their production,the, yarns of associated filaments, in their travel to the devicesonwhich they are wound as produced, may pass in contact with pads,rollers, or other surfaces impregnated or supplied with the dressing, orthrough a bath of same, or the dressing may be sprayed on them in theirtravel.

When the dressing is to be applied to the yarns subsequently, they maybe dipped in or treated therewith in hank or package form, or be woundoil? on to bobbins, cops, tubes, banking frames, beams, rollers or thelike in such a way as to pass in contact with finishing devices that maybe rollers, discs, wicks, pads or other surfaces supplied or impregnatedwith the dressing, or through a bath or spray of the dressing on theirway to the wind up device.

The lubricating dressing may be applied in concentrated form or as anemulsion or solution from suitable carriers and solvents. Thus a mixtureof the lubricating dressing and a polyhydric alcohol, such as glycol,diethylene glycol or glycerine, may be employed. If the lubricatingdressing is viscous, such as that formed by a heavy or semi solid oil,the same may be applied while hot.

The lubricating dressing may be removed from the yarns or fabric madetherefrom in the manner heretofore used in connection .with otherinbricants. It may be removed in a soap bath, dye bath or otherdelustering baths. Such substances as tetralin (tetrahydronaphthalene)or pine oil may be used in the delustering bath. Upon the application ofheated baths to .the yarn or fabric the same is readily delustered anddevelops a soft smooth hand that readily takes dyes evenly and to adarker shade than normally treated yarns. This invention is applicableto the treatment of yarns or filaments, under which terms are included,threads, assemblies or bundles of a number of continuous filaments whichmay be in parallel relationship or which may be twisted together,artificial bristles, straws, short lengths of staple fibres-or yarn spunfrom such staple fibres. This invention is also applicable to fabricsformed in whole or in part from such textile yarns and filaments and tofilms and foils.

into a closely knitted fabric of This invention is applicable to yarnsand filaments formed of organic derivatives of cellulose such as ethersand esters of cellulose. Examples of organic esters of cellulose arecellulose acetate, cellulose form ate, cellulose propionate andcellulose butyrate while examples of ethers of cellulose are ethylcellulose, methyl cellulose and benzyl cellulose.

The yarns or filaments may contain besides the organic derivative ofcellulose, effect materials Example I Cellulose acetate yarn, formed bythe dry method of spinning i. e. by extruding a solution of acetonesoluble cellulose acetate in acetone through suitable sized orificesinto a heated atmosphere, is drawn from the spinning cabinet and causedto wipe across a wick that dips into a mixture consisting of 190 partsof olive oil and 10 parts of cresylic acid; The wick is suitablyadjusted such that itfurnishes 3% on the of the mixture to the yarn.

The yarn is sufliciently lubricated to be knitted fine stitch shape andmay be woven into fabrics.

Example II Example I is repeated using a mixture of 1'70 parts of oliveoil or teaseed oil and 30 parts of cresylic acid. The same results areobtained.

Example III Example IV Example III is repeated with 1 cc. per liter oftetralin and 2 cc.- per liter of pine oil added to the delustering bath.The material is more heavily delustered than that of Example III.

The fabric of both Examples HI and IV dye on a jig a slightly heaviershade and more rapidly than fabric not treated with the lubricatingdressing of this invention. 1

weight of the yarn Having described my invention, what I desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. Process of treating yarns containing organic derivatives of cellulosewhich comprises applying thereto prior to fabric formation a dressingcomprising a water-insoluble lubricant and cresylic acid.

2. Process of treating yarns containing cellulose acetate whichcomprises applying thereto prior to fabric formation a dressingcomprising a water-lnsoluble lubricant and cresylic acid.

3. Process of treating yarns containing organic derivatives of cellulosewhich comprises applying thereto prior to fabric formation a dressingcomprising oiiye oil and cresylic acid.

; 4. Process of treating yarns containing cellulose acetate whichcomprises apn s thereto P! 76 2,067,947 to fabric formation a dressingcomprising olive oil and cresyiic acid.

5. Process of treating yams containing organic derivatives of cellulosewhich comprises applying thereto prior to fabric formation a dressingcomprising a vegetable oil and cresylic acid.

6. Process of treating yarns containing cellulose acetate whichcomprises applying thereto prior to fabric formation a dressingcomprising a vegetable oil and cresylic acid.

7 Processor treating yarns containing organic derivatives of cellulosecomprising in an operationcombined with the dry-spinning and winding ofsaid yarns, the application thereto of a dressing containing olive oiland cresylic acid.

8. Process of treating yarns containing cellulose acetate comprising, inan operation combined with the dry-spinning and winding of said yarns,the application thereto of a dressing containing olive oil and cresylicacid.

9. Process of treating yarns containing organic derivatives of cellulosewhich comprises in an operation combined with the spinning and windingof said yarns, the application thereto of a dressing containing a.vegetable oil and cresylic acid.

10. Process of treating yarns containing cellulose acetate whichcomprises in an operation combined' with the spinning and winding ofsaid yarns, the application thereto of a dressing containing a vegetableoil and cresylic acid.

11. A package of yarn of organic derivatives of cellulose comprising awater-insoluble lubricant and cresylic acid.

12. A package of yarn of cellulose acetate comprising a water-insolublelubricant and cresylic acid.

13. A package of yarn of organic derivatives of cellulose coated with avegetableoil and cresylic acid.

14. A package of yarn of cellulose acetate coated with olive oil andcresylic acid.

15. Process of treating yarns containing-organic derivatives ofcellulose, which comprises applying thereto prior to fabric formation adressing containing a water-insoluble lubricant and 0.5 to 25% ofcresylic acid.

16. Process of treating yarns containing cellulose acetate, whichcomprises applying thereto prior to fabric formation a dressingcontaining a water-insoluble lubricant and 0.5 to 25% of cresylic acid.

- aw T PLATT,

